鍛件的可鍛性通常是在熱狀態(tài)下進(jìn)行的，鍛件的可鍛性是金屬在熱狀態(tài)下經(jīng)受壓力加工時(shí)塑形變形的過程。山東鍛件廠對(duì)鍛件的可鍛性優(yōu)劣常用金屬的塑形和變形抗力兩個(gè)指標(biāo)來綜合考慮。

　　The malleability of a forging is usually carried out in a hot state, and the malleability of the forging is the process of deforming the metal when it is subjected to pressure in the hot state. Shandong forging factory considers the two aspects of the forging quality, the metal forming and the deformation resistance.

　　那么影響鍛件可鍛性的因素首先是金屬的成分，純金屬好于合金，低碳鋼優(yōu)于高碳鋼，低碳鋼合金鋼優(yōu)于高碳高合金鋼;有害雜質(zhì)元素一般使可鍛性變壞。還有就是鍛件使用金屬的組織，單項(xiàng)組織好于多想組織;鑄態(tài)下的柱狀組織、粗晶粒組織、晶界上存在偏析、或有共結(jié)晶組織都會(huì)使鍛件的可鍛性變差。最后還應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮鍛件廠的加工條件：

　　Then the influence factors of forging forging is the first metal component, better than pure metal alloy is better than that of low carbon steel, high carbon steel, low carbon alloy steel is better than that of high carbon high alloy steel; impurity elements generally make malleable bad. There is also the use of metal tissue in the forging, the single organization is better than the organization; the columnar structure, coarse grain structure, segregation on the grain boundary or eutectic structure will make the forging of forging become worse. Finally, the processing condition of the forging plant should be considered:

　　1、變形溫度：一般隨變形溫度的升高，可提高金屬的可鍛性;當(dāng)溫度接近熔點(diǎn)時(shí)，會(huì)引起過燒，是可鍛性急劇降低。

　　1, deformation temperature: generally with the increase of deformation temperature, can improve the malleability of metal; when the temperature close to melting point, will lead to over burning, is a sharp reduction in malleability.

　　2、變形速度：一方面隨著變形速度的增加，回復(fù)與再結(jié)晶過程來不及進(jìn)行，不能及時(shí)消除加工硬化現(xiàn)象，故使塑形降低，變形抗力增大，可鍛性變差。另一方面隨著變形速度的增高，產(chǎn)生熱效應(yīng)，是金屬的塑形升高，變形抗力降低，又有利于改善可鍛性。

　　2, deformation speed: on the one hand, with the increase in deformation rate, the recovery and recrystallization process is too late, and can not eliminate the work hardening phenomenon in time, so the molding reduces, the deformation resistance increases, and the malleability becomes worse. On the other hand, with the increase of the deformation rate, the thermal effect is caused by the increase of metal forming, the decrease of deformation resistance and the improvement of the malleability.

　　3、應(yīng)力狀態(tài)：拉應(yīng)力成分?jǐn)?shù)量愈多，要求鍛件材料塑形愈好;壓應(yīng)力成分?jǐn)?shù)量愈多，可降低對(duì)材料塑性的要求。

　　3, stress state: the number of tensile stress components, requiring the molding of the forging material is better; the number of compressive stress components, can reduce the plastic requirements of the material.